Lesser known feature was that the Matrox MGA/G200 chips were capable of delivering "sync on green" via regular VGA cable. This was a specialized format were VSync/HSync weren't transmitted over dedicated pins, but encoded into the green signal. This was required by some (then) older workstation monitors. In the early 2000s, I managed to get a 20" SGI workstation monitor for 20€ at ebay (at times where 20" monitors were above 1000€) - because no one could use them with regular PC hardware. Using a single "sync_on_green" flag in my XFree86.conf file, and it would work flawlessly on my linux box.
Back then some friends and I got hold of some lovely 20" Sun monitors that were sync-on-green only but none of our cards supported it.
No matter! A transistor, a couple of diodes, and half a dozen or so resistors soldered into a DE15 plug shell made the "sync plunger" that cured all your woes.
I probably still have a couple lying around. I could still just about draw the circuit from memory, not much good in these HDMI days.
When I was building a linux PC in the late 90's, I bought a Matrox Millenium with the memory expansion to 8MB which could do 1600x1200 with 24 bit color.
That was an awesome card for the time, and an incredibly stable analog signal, which Matrox was known for - other cards at the time would get fuzzy, shimmer, or have ringing / ghosting.
At the time, for good support you needed to *buy* an X11 server for accelerated graphics support. I forget which one I paid money for, but within a few years it wasn't necessary as open source had caught up.
Yeah, I wanted a Matrox so bad at that time because you could also do dual monitor on some of those cards. I had a sick NEC with a degauss button and trinitron style horizontal lines and a shit packard bell monitor. I wanted to do dual monitors so bad with both, despite the resolution asymmetry. Some matrox also had connection points for antennas and video capture. They were truly workhorse cards. But they sucked at 3D and were lapped in the Boot mag benchmarks for Quake 3D et al. I ended up with a 3D Labs Permidia 3D card anyway because I couldn't afford a Diamond or Voodoo and ended up turning textures off fully on Quake 3d in the end. Fun times, shout out Hard OCP.
I had dual Trinitrons around that era, to this day when I build myself a new computer desk I massively over build it (the latest one I can stand in the middle without noticeable flex..) because I lived in slight dread that the spacetime warping monitors would crush the one I had at the time.
I remember people I knew wanting the Matrox because it was possible to have duel screen on Linux. They usually had a huge grin on LAN parties, once they got their breath back from carrying two heavy CRT monitors and a PC tower. Good times.
Maybe I misunderstood something at the time, but the mga X11 driver was weird. My understanding, at least at the time, is that it is/was possible to provide an X11 driver that would work regardless of the underlying operating system, providing features such as dual-head support.
This feels intuitively wrong to me now and I doubt that's how it worked. In any case I dutifully copies the Matrox provided X11 driver to OpenBSD and enjoyed multi-monitor support.
Looking at a few old mailinglists agrees with you. Apparently the mga_drv and mga_hal_drv could just be copied to any system running XFree86, at least Linux and the BSDs, and would let you utilize dual-head support.
Founded in 1976 by Trottier and Matić, and according to the article and Wikipedia, since 2019 has been owned 100% by Trottier. There's no indication that the founders lost majority ownership at any time, and although they sold off one division in 2019, it appears that Trottier still owns 100% of the remaining two divisions today.
That's pretty remarkable, isn't it? How many tech companies that had a period of being a household name have lasted 50 years and are still majority-owned by all or some of the founders?
I had, briefly, some Matrox card with 3D acceleration on a DOS PC. It drove a PGA (Professional Graphics Adapter) monitor, a standard that predated VGA and went nowhere.
The monitor was quite good but useless with anything else.
For a time in the 1980s, I was writing drivers for graphics boards, and later doing 3D animation software. I tried a lot of graphics boards from now-forgotten vendors. Texas Instruments had the first PC RGB monitor and display that could display white text without color smear.
The Wang Professional Image Computer was incompatible with everything else in PCs, with a different card form factor, a different monitor interface, and a different memory/device address layout that allowed 720KB of memory instead of 640KB. Plus their own version of DOS.
Fujitsu lent me a prototype Fujitsu Sapphire, which never worked right. When I went to return it to their location in Sunnyvale, they'd moved out, shutting down their 3D graphics business.
Dynamic Pictures had a decent 3D board, the Oxygen 202, that worked with NT 3.51. It took a while to get that working, but eventually it worked and I got 3D work done.
That was an interesting read. Unfortunately I never has the pleasure of owning a Matrox. I got really close to buying a Millennium G200 back in the late 90s, but decided to go for the RIVA TNT instead. Was in the nVidia camp (with brief stints in Intel and ATi) until I swithed to ATi/AMD for good around 15 years ago.
Memories! Back at university I got a G400 and, with the open documentation they released, was able to make a driver for BeOS. It worked but looking back it’s stark how much I have learned since then. One feature I particularly love is a dual head setup app using combo boxes instead of menus!
This brought back some really fond memories. Prior to the dawn of 3D accelerators from 3Dfx, Rendition, and eventually of course Nvidia, Matrox VGA cards were the absolute dogs bollocks when it came to gaming performance. They were the cards to have in your PC, especially the 220MHz RAMDAC version of the Millennium.
My first association when someone mentions Matrox is MPlayer and mga_vid kernel module. I had G200, and hardware YUV acceleration worked perfectly. Direct access to hardware from MPlayer, it worked very nice, in console with `-vo mga` and in X11 with `-vo xmga`, there was no difference at all.
I have a friend whose wife has strong sight challenges. He once swapped a much newer and more powerful card with me for my last matrox card, iirc it was a millennium ii. The matrox utilities included with the drivers had one of the best desktop zoom systems ever delivered on windows and this was worth more to them than anything else.
I had a Millennium II PCI card. I remember its 32bit color mode (which not every card had at the time) was much faster than 24bit.
Even though the card was expensive, it didn't have Direct3D acceleration like my classmate's Riva TNT (or 2?). So gaming wasn't impressive at all. At the time we were playing Need for Speed 2, I remember the image wasn't noticeably different than a 3DFX Voodoo. However, when Need for Speed 3 Hot Pursuit came out, Riva TNT could do realistic shading and reflection-like environment mapping on cars which was indeed a leap.
One other thing I remember is that the graphics card had memory slots on it, like a socket for a chip. I think it was called 'WRAM', and its price was much more expensive than the card itself.
In 2004 I was working in digital signage for museums and for one of them we needed to drive 16 displays from one computer. The article mentions this card:
> On the 17th of December in 2004, the company announced the QIP LP PCIe where the QIP meant Quad Information Display. This was the industry’s first PCIe x16 graphics card, and it was a derivative of the Parhelia. [...] The card could drive four displays with a maximum resolution of 1600 by 1200 per display,
I think we had 4 of these in one system and it was the only card on the market that allowed for this. We ran this on Linux and getting the bios set up correctly to support this was a nightmare. My memory is fuzzy though
Wow this is a deep dive, most people focus on the PC era. The Ultima/Impression were some of the very first commercial PCI cards, behind maybe NCR SCSI. Another interesting vendor in that era was Number Nine.
Number Nine was amazing. But even more amazing was the computer integrator / producer that shipped their computers with Number Nines. The company Intergraph.
I haven't thought of Number Nine in years, but the mention reminded me that the BIOS on some of their cards displayed a Beatles lyric quote during boot.
I had the original Matrox Millenium. Just threw out the old box a couple years ago when my parents sold their house. I remember driving like 50 miles to CDW will call to get it and being amazed at the 3D demo programs. I kept it for awhile but eventually got a 3DFX Voodoo card. And then a Voodoo Rush card that was a complete POS.
Somewhere around early 2000, I used to work part-time with a local video editing agency. Matrox video capture cards were the really high bar, other than Avid. At least that is what I remember. We had a couple of Matrox capture cards, expensive for our tiny budget. Other than that and a few 3D cards also around that time, I forgot about Matrox.
I have some pretty fond memories of Matrox. Saw the Millennium at a trade fair, as pretty much the first sign that 3D will reach the PC segment (I also saw a SGI Onyx there).
And later I got one as pretty much the most solid Linux graphics card, which even was capable of going dual screen. And while I don't miss XFree86 modeline configs, it was nice when there wasn't just a GPU triopoly.
I remember thinking the Matrox cards in the 90s (Millennium, G400) had super-solid drivers, and their 2-D image quality was amazing. Interestingly, at the time, we were doing software 3-D rendering and NVIDIA RIVA TNT was much slower for bitblt. I guess they've fixed that by now. ;)
The G200 and G400 are two of my absolute favorit graphics cards from my early computing years, but if you needed any reasonable 3D performance or feature set, they weren't a great choice. However, if you just needed a stable graphics card for a desktop/developer machine it was one of the most stable and well supported cards, followed by the ATi Rage 128.
My first pc had some trident video card that failed right away and the local shop replaced with a millennium (g200, I think). I definitely got the better end of that one. It was 3d accelerated and came with some 3d text art tool that made animated text gifs in the software too.
I had I think a G400 and G450 in my desktop at work at different points around 2001 and my recollection is they had a reputation for high output quality (DAC and such).
I had the Matrox Marvel G200-TV I think in the late nineties. That graphics card was a beauty. It even let me watch TV on my computer as long as I threaded a coax cable up to my bedroom!
You got what you paid for. They probably wished they could make cheaper cards too but it was never their primary focus and so eventually went back to making only expensive specialized cards where 3dfx, Nvidia, ATI and the like couldn't touch them.
I remember I had a Matrox Millenium in the late 1990s... it managed to driver a 1600x1200, 24-bit graphics mode on a Eizo T57S, which was not happy about it but could still manage it somehow, IIRC. Other people opted for 3D-graphics-oriented cards around that time, but they couldn't manage that IIRC.
Matrox Mystique for my first build. Free MechWarrior and plenty of time burned there. Good times. It can be startling how thousands of dollars of premium gear can become e-waste in short order.
Can anyone recall how well Matrox performed with early implementations of OpenGL, from the days before DirectX was taken seriously?
At the time I worked in broadcasting and we had a lot of respect for Matrox, however, I can't recall exactly how they lost relevance for us, in the broadcast-adjacent market, when we would still be running 3D Studio in MS-DOS. Windows 95 came along with OpenGL, and, if I remember, Matrox and OpenGL wasn't the combination you needed.
For the office PCs it was embedded graphics that ended them in my neck of the woods, with graphics being whatever Dell/AST/Compaq supplied.
No matter! A transistor, a couple of diodes, and half a dozen or so resistors soldered into a DE15 plug shell made the "sync plunger" that cured all your woes.
I probably still have a couple lying around. I could still just about draw the circuit from memory, not much good in these HDMI days.
That was an awesome card for the time, and an incredibly stable analog signal, which Matrox was known for - other cards at the time would get fuzzy, shimmer, or have ringing / ghosting.
At the time, for good support you needed to *buy* an X11 server for accelerated graphics support. I forget which one I paid money for, but within a few years it wasn't necessary as open source had caught up.
This feels intuitively wrong to me now and I doubt that's how it worked. In any case I dutifully copies the Matrox provided X11 driver to OpenBSD and enjoyed multi-monitor support.
That's pretty remarkable, isn't it? How many tech companies that had a period of being a household name have lasted 50 years and are still majority-owned by all or some of the founders?
For a time in the 1980s, I was writing drivers for graphics boards, and later doing 3D animation software. I tried a lot of graphics boards from now-forgotten vendors. Texas Instruments had the first PC RGB monitor and display that could display white text without color smear. The Wang Professional Image Computer was incompatible with everything else in PCs, with a different card form factor, a different monitor interface, and a different memory/device address layout that allowed 720KB of memory instead of 640KB. Plus their own version of DOS. Fujitsu lent me a prototype Fujitsu Sapphire, which never worked right. When I went to return it to their location in Sunnyvale, they'd moved out, shutting down their 3D graphics business. Dynamic Pictures had a decent 3D board, the Oxygen 202, that worked with NT 3.51. It took a while to get that working, but eventually it worked and I got 3D work done.
Th code is still online, in full early 2000s web styling. https://64kib.com/old_foft_site/
Even though the card was expensive, it didn't have Direct3D acceleration like my classmate's Riva TNT (or 2?). So gaming wasn't impressive at all. At the time we were playing Need for Speed 2, I remember the image wasn't noticeably different than a 3DFX Voodoo. However, when Need for Speed 3 Hot Pursuit came out, Riva TNT could do realistic shading and reflection-like environment mapping on cars which was indeed a leap.
One other thing I remember is that the graphics card had memory slots on it, like a socket for a chip. I think it was called 'WRAM', and its price was much more expensive than the card itself.
> On the 17th of December in 2004, the company announced the QIP LP PCIe where the QIP meant Quad Information Display. This was the industry’s first PCIe x16 graphics card, and it was a derivative of the Parhelia. [...] The card could drive four displays with a maximum resolution of 1600 by 1200 per display,
I think we had 4 of these in one system and it was the only card on the market that allowed for this. We ran this on Linux and getting the bios set up correctly to support this was a nightmare. My memory is fuzzy though
I think the remnants are here now[0]:
0, https://www.octave.com/about/about
And later I got one as pretty much the most solid Linux graphics card, which even was capable of going dual screen. And while I don't miss XFree86 modeline configs, it was nice when there wasn't just a GPU triopoly.
Matrox était connu pour faire d’excellentes cartes pour le médical. Malheureusement, 3dfx était trop en avance pour les jeux.
maybe because they had limited support for many features?
>Millennium
no textures, alpha blending, transparency, bilinear filtering
>G400
slow but ok, but its predecessor G200 only got OpenGL driver 2 years later with release of G400
At the time I worked in broadcasting and we had a lot of respect for Matrox, however, I can't recall exactly how they lost relevance for us, in the broadcast-adjacent market, when we would still be running 3D Studio in MS-DOS. Windows 95 came along with OpenGL, and, if I remember, Matrox and OpenGL wasn't the combination you needed.
For the office PCs it was embedded graphics that ended them in my neck of the woods, with graphics being whatever Dell/AST/Compaq supplied.
first real Matrox OpenGL driver shipped with G400 in 2000